Editing
EMP Pulse Blaster
(section)
From FusionGirl Wiki
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Warning:
You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you
log in
or
create an account
, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.
Anti-spam check. Do
not
fill this in!
=== Examples === * '''Low Frequencies (1 kHz - 3 MHz)''': Commonly used in power distribution systems, radio communications, and industrial applications such as induction heating. ** Power Distribution Systems: *** Typical frequency range: 50 Hz - 60 Hz *** Extremely low frequencies (ELF): Frequencies below 3 kHz, used in submarine communication due to their ability to penetrate water. ** Radio Communications: *** AM radio broadcasting: 540 kHz - 1,700 kHz **** Longwave Radio: Frequencies from 30 kHz to 300 kHz, utilized in time signal broadcasting and communication with submarines. *** Very low frequencies (VLF): Frequencies from 3 kHz to 30 kHz, utilized in long-range radio communication and for studying lightning discharges in the Earth's atmosphere. **** Earth-Ionosphere Waveguide: Frequencies from 3 kHz to 30 kHz, propagate through the Earth's atmosphere bounded by the ground and the ionosphere. ** Industrial Applications: *** Induction Heating: Frequencies typically range from a few kHz to several MHz. **** Medium Frequencies (MF): Frequencies from 300 kHz to 3 MHz, used in induction heating and dielectric heating processes. * '''Medium Frequencies (3 MHz - 30 MHz)''': Often utilized in AM radio broadcasting, marine communication, and shortwave radio. ** Shortwave Radio: *** Typically covers frequencies from around 3 MHz - 30 MHz. **** Tropical Bands: Frequencies from 3.3 MHz to 5.85 MHz, used for broadcasting to tropical regions due to their long-range propagation characteristics. ** Marine Communication: *** Frequencies allocated by international regulations, typically around 2 MHz - 25 MHz. **** Navigational Aids: Frequencies allocated for marine navigation, including frequencies for radio beacons and emergency position-indicating radio beacons (EPIRBs). ** AM Radio Broadcasting: *** Typical frequency range: 530 kHz - 1,700 kHz. * '''High Frequencies (30 MHz - 300 MHz)''': Found in VHF television broadcasting, aviation communication, and mobile phones. ** VHF Television Broadcasting: *** Frequencies typically range from 54 MHz to 216 MHz (channels 2 through 13 in the United States). **** Band I: Channels 2 through 6, covering frequencies from 54 MHz to 88 MHz. **** Band III: Channels 7 through 13, covering frequencies from 174 MHz to 216 MHz. ** Mobile Phones: *** Cellular networks operate within various frequency bands, including 700 MHz - 2700 MHz for 4G LTE and 5G. **** LTE Bands: Various frequency bands allocated for Long-Term Evolution (LTE) cellular networks, including bands for different regions and applications. ** Aviation Communication: *** Air Traffic Control: Frequencies between 108 MHz - 137 MHz for VHF communication. **** VHF Omni-directional Range (VOR): Frequencies between 108.0 MHz - 117.95 MHz, used for short-range navigation by aircraft equipped with VOR receivers. * '''Very High Frequencies (300 MHz - 3 GHz)''': Used in FM radio broadcasting, GPS systems, and satellite communication. ** Satellite Communication: *** Ka-band satellite communication: Frequencies around 26.5 GHz - 40 GHz. **** Direct Broadcast Satellite (DBS): Frequencies from 12.2 GHz to 12.7 GHz, used for satellite television broadcasting. ** FM Radio Broadcasting: *** Frequencies typically range from 88 MHz to 108 MHz. **** NOAA Weather Radio: Frequencies from 162.4 MHz to 162.55 MHz, used for continuous weather broadcasts in the United States. ** GPS Systems: *** GPS satellites transmit signals in L-band frequencies, around 1.2 GHz - 1.6 GHz. **** L1 Frequency: GPS signals centered around 1575.42 MHz, used for civilian positioning and timing. **** L2 Frequency: GPS signals centered around 1227.60 MHz, used for military and high-precision applications. * '''Ultra High Frequencies (3 GHz - 30 GHz)''': Employed in microwave ovens, radar systems, and wireless LANs. ** Radar Systems: *** X-band radar: Frequencies around 8 GHz - 12 GHz. **** Weather Radar: Frequencies between 5.3 GHz and 5.9 GHz, used for detecting precipitation and severe weather phenomena. ** Wireless LANs: *** Wi-Fi operates in the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands. **** IEEE 802.11 Standards: Wi-Fi standards specifying operation in the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands, including variants like 802.11b/g/n and 802.11a/ac. ** Microwave Ovens: *** Operate at a frequency of around 2.45 GHz (ISM band). **** Industrial Microwaves: Frequencies around 915 MHz, used in industrial heating processes and materials processing. * '''Super High Frequencies (30 GHz - 300 GHz)''': Commonly found in millimeter-wave radar, satellite communication, and remote sensing applications. ** Terahertz Imaging: *** Frequencies range from 300 GHz to 3 THz. **** Medical Imaging: Terahertz imaging used in medical applications for non-invasive imaging of biological tissues. ** Millimeter-Wave Radar: *** Frequencies typically range from 24 GHz - 100 GHz. **** Automotive Radar: Frequencies around 77 GHz, used in automotive safety systems like adaptive cruise control and collision avoidance. * '''THz Frequencies (300 GHz - 3 THz)''': Used in terahertz imaging and spectroscopy for various scientific and industrial applications. ** Terahertz Imaging: *** Medical Imaging: **** Frequencies around 0.3 THz (300 GHz) to 1 THz are commonly employed for terahertz medical imaging due to their optimal balance between tissue penetration and spatial resolution. **** Example: Terahertz imaging systems operating at 0.8 THz provide high-resolution images for identifying skin cancer lesions and dental cavities. *** Security Screening: **** Frequencies ranging from 1 THz to 2 THz are preferred for security screening applications, as they offer good sensitivity to concealed objects while minimizing absorption by clothing and other materials. **** Example: Security scanners operating at 1.5 THz are effective in detecting weapons and explosives hidden under clothing. ** Terahertz Spectroscopy: *** Material Characterization: **** Frequencies between 0.3 THz and 2 THz are commonly used for terahertz spectroscopy in material characterization applications, allowing for detailed analysis of molecular vibrations and rotations. **** Example: Terahertz spectroscopy systems operating at 1.8 THz provide valuable insights into the structure and properties of polymers and thin films. *** Pharmaceutical Research: **** Frequencies in the range of 0.5 THz to 3 THz are utilized in pharmaceutical research for studying the composition and behavior of pharmaceutical compounds, facilitating drug development and formulation. **** Example: Terahertz spectrometers operating at 2.5 THz enable researchers to analyze the crystalline structure of pharmaceutical ingredients and monitor the dissolution kinetics of tablets. *** Non-Destructive Testing: **** Frequencies from 0.3 THz to 1.5 THz are commonly employed in non-destructive testing applications to inspect materials such as coatings, polymers, and pharmaceutical tablets, enabling precise detection of defects and inconsistencies. **** Example: Terahertz imaging systems operating at 1.2 THz provide detailed scans of composite materials used in aerospace components, ensuring structural integrity and quality control. * '''PHz Frequencies (3 THz - 30 THz)''': Investigated in far-infrared astronomy for studying molecular clouds, star formation, and interstellar dust. ** Submillimeter Astronomy: *** Frequencies between 0.3 THz and 3 THz, used for studying molecular gas and dust in the interstellar medium. ** Terahertz Spectroscopy: *** Frequencies used for molecular spectroscopy in the terahertz range, enabling the study of molecular rotational transitions. * '''EHz Frequencies (Above 30 THz)''': Explored in the realm of optical and ultraviolet astronomy for observing celestial objects using visible light and beyond. ** Infrared Astronomy: *** Frequencies between 300 GHz and 430 THz, used for studying cool objects in the universe such as protostars, dust clouds, and the cosmic microwave background. ** Visible Light: *** Frequencies between 430 THz and 750 THz, allowing astronomers to observe celestial objects in the optical spectrum. **** Optical Telescopes: Instruments designed to collect and focus visible light for astronomical observations. ** Ultraviolet Astronomy: *** Frequencies between 750 THz and 30 PHz, used for studying hot, young stars, quasars, and the intergalactic medium. **** Space Telescopes: Instruments like the Hubble Space Telescope equipped with ultraviolet detectors for observing ultraviolet light from celestial objects. ** Beyond Gamma Rays: *** Frequencies above 10 ZHz, including ultra-high-energy cosmic rays and theoretical phenomena like gamma-ray bursts with energies beyond the gamma-ray spectrum. **** Gamma-Ray Astronomy: Observations of gamma rays with energies above 10 ZHz, revealing sources such as pulsars, black holes, and supernova remnants.
Summary:
Please note that all contributions to FusionGirl Wiki are considered to be released under the Creative Commons Attribution (see
FusionGirl Wiki:Copyrights
for details). If you do not want your writing to be edited mercilessly and redistributed at will, then do not submit it here.
You are also promising us that you wrote this yourself, or copied it from a public domain or similar free resource.
Do not submit copyrighted work without permission!
Cancel
Editing help
(opens in new window)
Navigation menu
Page actions
Page
Discussion
Read
Edit
Edit source
History
Page actions
Page
Discussion
More
Tools
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Navigation
Main page
Recent changes
Random page
Help about MediaWiki
Search
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Special pages
Page information