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EMP Pulse Blaster
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== Equations == * '''Energy Density''': The energy density of the electromagnetic field. '''<math>E = \frac{{B^2}}{{2 \mu_0}}</math>''' *** Where: **** '''E''' is the energy density in joules per cubic meter (J/m<math>^3</math>) **** '''B''' is the magnetic flux density in teslas (T) **** '''\mu_0''' is the permeability of free space (<math>4\pi \times 10^{-7}</math> H/m) * '''Volume of a Sphere''': Used to calculate the volume of the area affected by the EMP. '''<math>V = \frac{4}{3} \pi r^3</math>''' *** Where: **** '''V''' is the volume in cubic meters (m<math>^3</math>) **** '''r''' is the radius of the sphere in meters (m) * '''Power Output (General)''': The power output during the EMP pulse. '''<math>\text{Power Output} = \frac{\text{Total Energy Output}}{\text{Pulse Duration}}</math>''' *** Where: **** Power Output is in watts (W) **** Total Energy Output is in joules (J) **** Pulse Duration is in seconds (s) * '''Capacitor Energy Storage''': The energy stored in a capacitor. '''<math>E = \frac{1}{2} CV^2</math>''' *** Where: **** '''E''' is the energy stored in joules (J) **** '''C''' is the capacitance in farads (F) **** '''V''' is the voltage in volts (V) * '''Inductance of a Coil''': The inductance of a coil used in the EMP generator. '''<math>L = \frac{N^2 \mu_0 \mu_r A}{l}</math>''' *** Where: **** '''L''' is the inductance in henries (H) **** '''N''' is the number of turns **** '''\mu_0''' is the permeability of free space (<math>4\pi \times 10^{-7}</math> H/m) **** '''\mu_r''' is the relative permeability of the core material **** '''A''' is the cross-sectional area of the coil in square meters (m<math>^2</math>) **** '''l''' is the length of the coil in meters (m) * '''Magnetic Flux''': The magnetic flux through a coil. '''<math>\Phi = B A \cos(\theta)</math>''' *** Where: **** '''\Phi''' is the magnetic flux in webers (Wb) **** '''B''' is the magnetic flux density in teslas (T) **** '''A''' is the area in square meters (m<math>^2</math>) **** '''\theta''' is the angle between the magnetic field and the normal to the surface * '''Faraday’s Law of Induction''': The induced voltage in a coil. '''<math>V = -N \frac{d\Phi}{dt}</math>''' *** Where: **** '''V''' is the induced voltage in volts (V) **** '''N''' is the number of turns **** '''\frac{d\Phi}{dt}''' is the rate of change of magnetic flux in webers per second (Wb/s) * '''Resonant Frequency of LC Circuit''': The frequency at which the LC circuit resonates. '''<math>f_0 = \frac{1}{2\pi\sqrt{LC}}</math>''' *** Where: **** '''f_0''' is the resonant frequency in hertz (Hz) **** '''L''' is the inductance in henries (H) **** '''C''' is the capacitance in farads (F) * '''Magnetic Field of a Solenoid''': The magnetic field inside a solenoid. '''<math>B = \mu_0 \frac{N}{l} I</math>''' *** Where: **** '''B''' is the magnetic field in teslas (T) **** '''\mu_0''' is the permeability of free space (<math>4\pi \times 10^{-7}</math> H/m) **** '''N''' is the number of turns **** '''l''' is the length of the solenoid in meters (m) **** '''I''' is the current in amperes (A) * '''Heat Dissipation in Resistors''': The power dissipated as heat in a resistor. '''<math>P = I^2 R</math>''' *** Where: **** '''P''' is the power in watts (W) **** '''I''' is the current in amperes (A) **** '''R''' is the resistance in ohms (Ω) * '''Ohm’s Law''': The relationship between voltage, current, and resistance. '''<math>V = IR</math>''' *** Where: **** '''V''' is the voltage in volts (V) **** '''I''' is the current in amperes (A) **** '''R''' is the resistance in ohms (Ω) * '''Electromagnetic Wave Equation''': Describes the propagation of electromagnetic waves. '''<math>\nabla^2 \mathbf{E} - \mu_0 \epsilon_0 \frac{\partial^2 \mathbf{E}}{\partial t^2} = 0</math>''' *** Where: **** '''\mathbf{E}''' is the electric field in volts per meter (V/m) **** '''\mu_0''' is the permeability of free space (<math>4\pi \times 10^{-7}</math> H/m) **** '''\epsilon_0''' is the permittivity of free space (<math>8.854 \times 10^{-12}</math> F/m) **** '''t''' is the time in seconds (s)
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